PHP Users Group Meeting Tonight

The presenter at tonight’s (3/26/2009) Burlington, VT PHP Users Group meeting will be Paul Reinheimer of php|architect. His presentation, “Easy Problems are the Hard Problems,” will take an in-depth look at the easy/hard parts of web applications. There will be pizza for your consumption (provided by Found Line). If you’re a web developer in the area then I hope to see you there! If you know any web developers who may be interested, please let them know about tonight’s meeting.

The Web Is Not A Visual Medium

A claim you may have heard me make before is that the web is not a visual medium. Some of you know exactly what I mean and some of you probably think I’m nuts. For those of you who think I’m crazy, let me elaborate. You, like most people, probably experience the web visually. However, this visual aspect is only one facet of the web. Underneath the visual aspect you will find that the web is a structured, or semantic, medium. This means that people (or even machines) of varying capabilities (as opposed to disabilities), using all sorts of user agents (a fancy way of saying web browsers) can experience this same web non-visually. If built correctly, the same web page should be accessible to you visually as well as to visually impaired people, search engine robots, people that want to use text only web browsers, people using older versions of web browsers (backward compatibility), people using mobile devices, and user agents that weren’t even invented yet when the web page was first built (forward compatibility).

There’s one catch. There are many web sites and web applications built on the incorrect assumption that the web is a visual medium. The web designers and web developers who build these web sites and web applications break the web. In order to not break the web, web designers and web developers need to use open standards starting with plain old semantic (X)HTML. This semantic (X)HTML can then be progressively enriched/enhanced using CSS (for presentation) and JavaScript (for behavior). This approach works well with the concept of One Web which “means making, as far as is reasonable, the same information and services available to users irrespective of the device they are using.”

Craig Cook has a good article about How to Grok Web Standards in which he addresses many of these ideas and more. If you still think I’m crazy, hopefully it’s not because you think I’m wrong about the web not being a visual medium. If you don’t think I’m crazy then maybe in another blog post I’ll talk about why I think that content management systems (CMSs) in general, and WYSIWYG editors specifically, break the web.

The Social Graph

In my last post about the semantic web I mentioned the XFN project which allows individuals to define their relationships to others simply using semantically marked up hyperlinks. I also said that a global graph can be made of all of these relationships making the “walled gardens” of existing social networking sites obsolete. Before I continue, I should probably mention that the word “graph” in this context refers to graph theory in computer science, not a chart or diagram (although these graphs could be visualized). At risk of over-simplifying: graph theory talks about how individual “nodes” connect to one another and how data can be extracted from looking at these connections.

Google has an interesting project called the Social Graph API that lets developers “utilize public connections their users have already created in other web services. It makes information about public connections between people easily available and useful.” It uses public XFN as well as FOAF data to accomplish this. FOAF is, interestingly enough, an example of something designed around the W3C’s Semantic Web specification. Here’s a video that explains a bit about how Google’s Social Graph API works:

The power of this open data is another example of why facebook won’t last as a walled garden. I don’t expect existing social networking sites to simply disappear. However, open standards like XFN and FOAF will help level the playing field amongst social networks by allowing even small social networks to benefit from the network effect. Having lots of social networks trying out different things can only be good for innovation in the long run.

TMD VT Social Media Recap

Wow, thank you to everyone who participated and helped make Town Meeting Day Vermont ’09 a social media success! In the spirit of openness, I wanted to share some things that Jason and I learned from the tmdvt.net/09 experiment. First of all, some disclaimers. It’s important to note that we were just one small part of something that was bigger than us. Our goal was to encourage people to use tagging on Twitter, Flickr, blog posts indexed by Technorati, YouTube, and Delicious so that others could easily find Town Meeting Day related content. It didn’t matter to us if people used tmdvt.net/09 directly, what mattered was that people used the relevant tags when publishing or when searching. In fact, I doubt that tmdvt.net/09 had much of an effect on adoption of the #tmdvt hashtag on Twitter, which was the site that, by far, had the most tagging activity.

Before you continue reading the rest of this blog post, you should read my first post on Town Meeting Day Vermont, Bill Simmon’s Town Meeting Day & social media, Cathy Resmer’s Town Meeting Day 2009, and Ryan Freebern’s Townsourcing; or, the promise of localized community media for some background and other perspectives… OK, back? Great!

A big thing we noticed was that since most users found out about tmdvt.net/09 through Twitter, they expected the same level of immediacy as Twitter from the other websites we aggregated. Flickr, Technorati, and YouTube all had delays that were longer than what users expected. Delicious bookmarks didn’t show up immediately but were still relatively quick. We couldn’t quite figure out why some of the content from Flickr was delayed. It seemed to be based on a variety of factors, such as the account’s submission frequency (possibly as an anti-spam measure).

As I mentioned earlier, the heaviest tag usage was on Twitter with over 360 tweets from countless people using the #tmdvt hashtag. Next up was Flickr with over 150 uploads tagged with tmdvt09 from a handful of users. Only 6 blog posts used the tmdvt09 tag and were picked up by Technorati: 1 was my original post about the tag, 1 was from Vermont Public Radio’s blog, and 4 were from The Seven Days Staff Blog. I think there were more blog posts that used the tmdvt09 tag, but for whatever reason these didn’t get indexed. Only 2 YouTube videos were uploaded and tagged with tmdvt09. There were 21 bookmarks tagged with tmdvt09 on Delicious; however, none were tagged enough to be considered “popular” by Delicious.

CCTV Channel 17 pointed out that they were posting exit interviews to blip.tv and that there was no option for that on tmdvt.net/09. It appears that blip.tv doesn’t support tagging or categorized feeds so we had no way of syndicating content specific to Town Meeting Day from blip.tv or CCTV’s channel. However, a representative from blip.tv was paying attention and was quick to respond to my tweets, which I was very impressed by.

I was also impressed with local news outlets bridging the gap between traditional and social media during Town Meeting Day. Seven Days, Burlington Free Press, Vermont Public Radio, Vermont Community Access Media, and CCTV Channel 17 all had a presence on Twitter, and some had a presence in other social media as well. I had conversations with representatives from several of these news outlets and there was a general interest in further engagement in tmdvt.net/10.

The original sketch for tmdvt.net/09 included tabs for traditional media outlets in addition to the tabs for various social media websites. I don’t think social media will replace traditional media. Traditional media provides the resources (i.e. time and money) to do real reporting and the authority that comes with that legwork. I do, however, believe that traditional media and social media can learn a lot from each other, which is part of why we wanted to put them at the same level on tmdvt.net/09.

In order to include traditional media, we needed Atom or RSS feeds specific to Town Meeting Day content. In my research, and in talking with several people from the media, I couldn’t find anyone who was currently doing this. The Seven Days Staff Blog was the closest with their Town Meeting Day 2009 category. However, they didn’t have an Atom or RSS feed set up for this category, so it would have been very difficult for me to try to aggregate that content. My challenge to the news media is to provide more fine grained feeds so that your readers can decide exactly what type of stories they’re interested in reading. It will likely increase the number of people who subscribe to your Atom or RSS feeds and allow people like me to make mashups using your content.

I think there is a lot to be learned from this experiment and I’d love to hear what insight others may have about this. Let’s continue the discussion online. Also, it might be interesting to have an offline discussion sharing perspectives from this year’s Town Meeting Day and ideas for similar events in the future. If you’re interested, let me know!

Town Meeting Day Vermont

The first Tuesday of March is Town Meeting Day here in Vermont. Citizens throughout Vermont get together and elect local officers and vote on budgets. While it doesn’t get as much attention as some of the bigger elections, it’s still an important day in local politics. This year’s Town Meeting Day will be on March 3rd, 2009.

We’ve put together a simple website, tmdvt.net/09, to aggregate content from social media sites (along with traditional media, where available) around Town Meeting Day Vermont ’09. If you use the appropriate tags in your tweets, Flickr uploads, blog (if indexed by Technorati), YouTube uploads, and bookmarks on Delicious, then your content will show up on the website. We’re also looking for Atom or RSS feeds specific to Town Meeting Day Vermont ’09 from traditional media outlets. If you know of any, or have other suggestions, please email participate@tmdvt.net. Please be gentle, we put this together in one day’s time!

SilverStripe CMS Overview

Aaron Carlino will giving an overview of the SilverStripe CMS / framework at this week’s Burlington, VT PHP Users Group meeting (details). The meeting will be held Thursday February 26th, 2009 from 6:00 pm – 8:00 pm at Bluehouse Group in Richmond. As always, the meeting is open to the public (but be sure to RSVP so we can get a headcount).

For those new to the group, the local PHP users group has been around for a bit over a year now (our first meeting was in December of 2007). A typical meeting has between 10 and 15 people in attendance and there’s usually a main presentation along with some general discussion. The mailing list has about 100 subscribers with moderate traffic (several posts a month) and some of us hang out in the #btvphpug channel on freenode in case you’re interested in conversation with local PHP developers between meetings.

Getting Semantic

In a previous post, What You Need to Know About the Semantic Web, I shared my letter to Harvard Business Review’s editor about their recent semantic web article. I realized after I made that post that I should probably have addressed the difference between the Semantic Web (a proper noun) and the semantic web (lower-case). The Semantic Web is a formal extension to the World Wide Web that attempts to add semantic data to the web. There are all sorts of terms and acronyms associated with the Semantic Web such as the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and the Web Ontology Language (OWL).

The semantic web (lower-case now) is a more loosely defined term. Generally it refers to a variety of efforts to make the existing web more semantic. The Semantic Web is certainly one part of the semantic web. However, there many other semantic web efforts other than just the Semantic Web project. These efforts often overlap, intertwine, and compete.

My personal favorite semantic web related project is Microformats. Microformats start with making existing web content semantically structured, instead of structured for presentation. See my previous entry on Plain Old Semantic HTML (POSH) for more information on this concept. Microformats then use HTML markup (i.e. elements, classes, ids) to define data structures based on existing formats. For example, the hCard Microformat “is a simple, open, distributed format for representing people, companies, organizations, and places, using a 1:1 representation of vCard (RFC2426) properties and values in semantic HTML or XHTML.” There’s at least one browser extension that can extract hCard data from web pages. I’d be surprised if search engines haven’t already started using this semantic data to better index content.

Another very interesting Microformats related project is XFN (XHTML Friends Network). In Jonathan Butler’s recent blog post on CRM, VRM, and the tip of an iceberg he highlighted Tom Ilube’s statement that “the semantic web would cut out the intermediary and restore control of personal information to the individuals who are its true owners.” XFN is a great example of this in action. It allows individuals to define their relationships simply using hyperlinks. Taken to an extreme, a global graph can be made of all of these relationships making the “walled gardens” of existing social networking sites obsolete.

Browser Correction

On last week’s The Browser interview (audio) with Jason Pelletier (jason_pelletier) and me, Jonathan Butler (jonathanpb) asked me for an example of a proprietary framework and I used Adobe Flex as an example. It turns out that the Flex SDK is actually not a proprietary framework and is, in fact, open source. I should have known this since Adobe Flex was the topic of a whole PHP users group meeting awhile back. John Boone (jbgoode12) pointed this out to me in an interesting conversation he and I (BradleyHolt) had on Twitter:

jbgoode12: @jonathanpb @BradleyHolt @jason_pelletier listening to ep 2 of The Browser – also very interesting! One correction: the Flex SDK is open src (view tweet)

jbgoode12: @jason_pelletier @BradleyHolt @jonathanpb It’s true that the Flex IDE costs $$$ but you can create Flash w/open src: http://opensource.adobe.com/wiki/display/site/Home (view tweet)

BradleyHolt: @jbgoode12 Good point! I guess I was thinking about Adobe Flex Builder. Didn’t meant to pick on Adobe, just one example of proprietary SW. (view tweet)

BradleyHolt: @jbgoode12 Oh, and thanks for listening to the show, glad you’re finding it interesting! (view tweet)

jbgoode12: @BradleyHolt @jason_pelletier It’s like how Micro$oft does it : they have open SDKs but the IDEs are $. FB is based on Eclipse, tho (view tweet)

BradleyHolt: @jbgoode12 Yeah – technically open source but to do anything practical takes lots of work or spending money to make it easier. (view tweet)

BradleyHolt: @jbgoode12 But you’re right, the framework itself (Flex SDK) certainly appears to be open source. I stand corrected 🙂 (view tweet)

jbgoode12: @BradleyHolt It’ll be interesting to see if an ecosystem grows around the Flex SDK, like maybe the relationship between .NET and Mono… (view tweet)

BradleyHolt: @jbgoode12 That will be interesting to watch. The Flash Player is still proprietary (although there are some alts) which could be a problem. (view tweet)

jbgoode12: @BradleyHolt right. and the flash player being proprietary kinda makes the rest moot… plus you can do a lot with frameworks like jquery. (view tweet)

BradleyHolt: @jbgoode12 I love jQuery! Would be cool (but unlikely) if Adobe truly opened up everything Flash related as open source and open standards. (view tweet)

I appreciate John’s correction and love having conversations like the one above. I hope The Browser inspires many more conversations!

David Gibson on The Browser

Don’t forget to tune into Jonathan Butler’s new radio show, The Browser, tonight (Wed Feb 18th) at 6:00pm on Burlington, Vermont’s WOMM-LP 105.9 FM The Radiator. He’ll be talking with David Gibson of Propeller Media Works. If you’re not in Burlington you can always listen online or catch the podcast after the show. The podcast of last week’s show that Jason and I were on is available as well as the first episode with Edward Shepard from Small Dog Electronics.

Found Line on The Browser

Tomorrow night (Wednesday February 11th, 2009) Jason and I will be on Jonathan Butler’s new radio show, The Browser. We’ll be talking about Found Line, our work, free/open source software, and open standards. We’ll also talk a little bit about the Burlington, VT PHP Users Group. You can listen to the show at 6:00pm on Burlington, Vermont’s local noncommercial low power FM radio station, WOMM-LP 105.9 FM The Radiator. If you’re not in listening range you can catch the show online or get the podcast later.